Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)

What is TOS?

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome or TOS is a condition that occurs when blood vessels or nerves get compressed in an area between the neck and chest called the thoracic outlet.  TOS is most common in women between the ages of 20 and 40.

What Causes TOS?

An extra or abnormal rib or neck muscle, trauma, poor posture, repetitive overhead motions, pregnancy and carrying excess weight in the neck are all common causes of TOS.

Types of TOS:

There are three types of TOS.

1.  Neurogenic:  95% of all TOS cases are neurogenic.  There is an abnormality of bone or soft tissue in the lower neck causing pain, numbness or tingling in the neck, shoulders, arm or hand and a weakened grip.  Symptoms typically increase by raising arms overhead.

2. Venous: 5% of cases are venous.  Venous TOS symptoms include sudden onset of swelling or painful tingling of the hands and discoloration of the hand or fingers.

3. Arterial:  Arterial TOS accounts for 1% of cases.  This is the least common, but most serious type of TOS.  Bony abnormalities in the neck and chest cause artery compression.  Symptoms include numbness, pain or cold hands or fingers.

How is TOS Treated?

Neurogenic TOS is first treated with physical therapy.  Medications may be administered to decrease symptoms.  Surgery is performed to remove the abnormality or restriction if physical therapy is not helpful.  Physical therapy consists of stretching tight structures, postural exercises and strengthening.   

How Can I Decrease My Risk of Getting TOS?:

1. Maintain good posture

2. Maintain a healthy weight

3. Avoid repetitive overhead positions

4. Don’t carry too much weight on your shoulders

5. Stretch regularly, especially neck, chest and shoulders

Call today to schedule an appointment or a free consult to talk about your symptoms.  Help is only a phone call away.  303-900-2282.